Some precautions for using forklifts in winter
The severe winter is coming. Due to the low temperature, it is very difficult to start the forklift in winter, which will affect the work efficiency. Correspondingly, the use and maintenance of forklifts also have a great impact. Cold air increases the viscosity of lubricating oil and reduces the atomization performance of diesel and gasoline. If the forklift is not used correctly at this time, it will directly affect the starting effect and even cause damage to the forklift accessories. To this end, we have prepared some precautions for using electric forklifts and internal combustion forklifts in winter, hoping to be helpful to everyone.
diesel forklift
1. Maintenance of forklift brake device
(1) Check and replace the forklift brake fluid. Pay attention to choose brake fluid with good fluidity at low temperature and low water absorption to prevent water from mixing in, so as not to freeze the brakes and fail. (2) Check the blowdown switch of the oil-water separator of electric forklift and internal combustion forklift. The drain switch can drain the moisture in the brake system pipeline to prevent it from freezing, and those with poor performance must be replaced in time.
2. Timely replace various oil products in electric forklifts and internal combustion forklifts
(1) The increase of low-temperature viscosity of diesel oil makes its fluidity, atomization and combustion worse, and the starting performance, power and economy of the diesel engine are significantly reduced. Therefore, diesel oil, pallet trucks and oil drum trucks with a lower freezing point should be selected, that is, the freezing point of the selected diesel oil is generally 6°C lower than the ambient temperature.
(2) When the oil temperature of electric forklift and internal combustion forklift is low, the viscosity of the oil increases with the decrease of temperature, the fluidity becomes poor, the frictional resistance increases, and it is difficult for the diesel engine to start.
(3) Gear oil and grease should be replaced in winter for gearboxes, reducers, and steering gears, and low-temperature grease should be replaced for hub bearings.
(4) Hydraulic or hydraulic transmission oil The hydraulic system and hydraulic transmission system of the equipment should be replaced with hydraulic or hydraulic transmission oil in winter to prevent the forklift from working poorly or even unable to work due to the increase in oil viscosity in winter.
electric forklift
3. Adjust the fuel supply system of the forklift
(1) Appropriately increase the fuel injection volume of the fuel injection pump of the forklift diesel engine, reduce the fuel injection pressure, and allow more diesel to enter the forklift cylinder, which is convenient for starting the diesel engine in winter. The amount of oil required to start a diesel engine is approximately twice the normal amount. Electro-hydraulic forklifts, manual forklifts and fuel injection pumps equipped with start-up enrichment devices should make full use of their auxiliary start-up devices.
(2) The valve clearance is too small in winter, the valves of electric forklifts and internal combustion forklifts are not closed tightly, the compression pressure of the cylinder is insufficient, it is difficult to start, and the wear of parts is intensified. Therefore, the valve clearance of the forklift can be adjusted appropriately in winter.
4. Maintain the cooling system
(1) Insulation of forklift diesel engine In order to ensure the reliable operation of the diesel engine and reduce fuel consumption and mechanical wear, the forklift must be well insulated. A curtain can be placed in front of the radiator of the diesel engine to cover the radiator to reduce heat loss and prevent the engine temperature from being too low. (2) Check the thermostat of the water-cooled diesel engine. If the diesel engine is often operated at low temperatures, the wear and tear of the parts will increase exponentially. To allow the temperature to rise rapidly in winter, the thermostat can be removed but must be reinstalled before summer arrives.
(3) Remove the scale in the water jacket of the forklift, check the water release switch to clean the water jacket to prevent scaling, so as not to affect heat dissipation. At the same time, the water release switch should be maintained in winter and replaced in time. Do not substitute bolts or rags to prevent parts from freezing and cracking.
(4) Adding antifreeze The cooling system should be thoroughly cleaned before using antifreeze, and high-quality antifreeze should be selected to avoid corrosion of forklift parts due to quality problems of antifreeze. In winter, add hot water of about 80°C every day to start the diesel engine. After the operation is complete, all cooling water must be drained with the switch still in the ON position.
5. Maintain electrical equipment
(1) Check and adjust the electrolyte density of the electric forklift, and pay attention to the insulation of the electric forklift battery. In winter, the electrolyte density of the battery can be increased to 1.28-1.29 g/m3. If necessary, make a sandwich incubator for it to prevent the electric forklift’s battery from freezing and affecting starting performance. When the temperature is below -50°C, the battery should be placed in a warm room after daily operation.
(2) When the terminal voltage of the generator rises at low temperature, if the discharge capacity of the stored oil is large, the charging capacity of the generator must be increased, and the limit voltage of the regulator should be appropriately increased to increase the terminal voltage of the generator. The generator terminal voltage in winter should be 0.6V higher than that in summer.
(3) Maintenance of forklift starters Diesel engines are difficult to start in winter, and starters are frequently used. If the power of the starter is slightly insufficient, it can be used in summer, but it will be difficult or even impossible to start the forklift in winter. Therefore, the forklift starter should be thoroughly maintained before winter comes.
Post time: Dec-15-2022